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Acceleration and optimization of quantum computing simulator implemented on new Sunway supercomputer
Xinmin SHI, Yong LIU, Yaojian CHEN, Jiawei SONG, Xin LIU
Journal of Computer Applications    2023, 43 (8): 2486-2492.   DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2022091456
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Two optimization methods for quantum simulator implemented on Sunway supercomputer were proposed aiming at the problems of gradual scaling of quantum hardware and insufficient classical simulation speed. Firstly, the tensor contraction operator library SWTT was reconstructed by improving the tensor transposition strategy and computation strategy, which improved the computing kernel efficiency of partial tensor contraction and reduced redundant memory access. Secondly, the balance between complexity and efficiency of path computation was achieved by the contraction path adjustment method based on data locality optimization. Test results show that the improvement method of operator library can improve the simulation efficiency of the "Sycamore" quantum supremacy circuit by 5.4% and the single-step tensor contraction efficiency by up to 49.7 times; the path adjustment method can improve the floating-point efficiency by about 4 times with the path computational complexity inflated by a factor of 2. The two optimization methods have the efficiencies of single-precision and mixed-precision floating-point operations for the simulation of Google’s 53-bit, 20-layer quantum chip random circuit with a million amplitude sampling improved from 3.98% and 1.69% to 18.48% and 7.42% respectively, and reduce the theoretical estimated simulation time from 470 s to 226 s for single-precision and 304 s to 134 s for mixed-precision, verifying that the two methods significantly improve the quantum computational simulation speed.

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